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On this page: Draco – Ducenarii – Ducentesima – Duella – Dulciarii – Duodecim Scripta – Duodecim Tabularum Lex – Duplarii – Duplicatio – Dupondius – Dussis – Duumviri – Dux – Ecclesia

DUODECIM TABULARUM LEX.

contains about -g^nd part of the weight alloy. Hence its value is 93 grains of pure silver, or, as

93

before. —— of a shilling ; that is. Is. Id. 3"2

* 807

farthings. The largest coin of the Aeginetan stan­dard appears to have been the didrachrna, and the values of the different coins of this standard will be found in the Tables.

The proportion of the Aeginetan drachma to the Attic, according to the value given above, is as 93 to 65'4, or as 4*18 to 3 nearly. According to Pollux, however, the proportion was 5 to 3 ; for he states (ix. 76, 86) that the Aeginetan drachma was equal to 10 Attic obols, and that the Aegine­tan talent contained 10,000 Attic drachmae. For a full discussion of this question, which is one of the most interesting in ancient numismatics, and of the respective values of the other standards which were used by the Greeks, see nummus and talentum.

AEGINETAN DRACHMA. BRITISH MUSEUM. ACTUAL SIZE.

As the Romans reckoned in sesterces, so the Greeks generally reckoned by drachmas ; and when a sum is mentioned in the Attic writers, without any specification of the unit, drachmae are usually meant. (Bockh, Pol. Eeon. of Athens., i. p. 25.)

DRACO. [SlGNA MlLITARIA.]

DUCENARII, the name of various officers and magistrates, in the imperial period, of whom the principal were as follow: —

1. The imperial procuratores, who received a salary of 200 sestertia. Dion Cassius (liii- 15) says that the procuratores first received s salary in the time of Augustus, and that thej derived their title from the amount of their salary. We thus read of centenarii, &c., as well as of duce-narii. (See Capitolin. Pertin. 2 ; Orelli, Inscrip. No. 946.) Claudius granted to the procuratores ducenarii the consular ornaments. (Suet. Claud. 24.)

2. A class or decuria of judices, first established by Augustus. They were so called because their property, as valued in the census, only amounted to 200 sestertia, and they tried causes of small importance. (Suet. Aug. 32.)

3. Officers who commanded two centuries, and who held the same rank as the primi hastati in the ancient legion. (Veget. ii. 8 ; Orelli, Inscrip. No. 3444.)

4. The imperial household troops, who were under the authority of the magister officiorum. They are frequently mentioned among the agentes in rebus, or ushers. (Cod. 1. tit. 31 ; 12. tit. 20.)

DUCENTESIMA. [centesima.] .

DUELLA. [uncia.]

DULCIARII. [pistor.]

DUODECIM SCRIPTA. [latrunculi.]

DUODECIM TABULARUM LEX. [lex.]

439

ECCLESIA.

DUPLARII or DUPLICA'RII, were sol­diers who received on account of their good conduct double allowance (duplicia cibcvria\ and perhaps in some cases double pay likewise. (Varro, De Ling. Led. v. 90, Miiller; Liv. ii. 59, xxiv. 47 ; Orelli, Inscrip. No. 3535.) They are frequently mentioned in inscriptions (Oreili, Nos. 3533, 4994), but more commonly under the name of duplarii. (Orelli, Nos. 3531, 3535, 3476, 3481, &c.) In one inscription the form duplicarius oc­curs. (Orelli, No. 3534.) Vegetius (ii. 7) calls them duplares milites.

DUPLICATIO. [actio.]

DUPONDIUS. [As, p. 141, a ; pes.]

DUSSIS. [As. p. 141, a.]

DUUMVIRI, or the two men, the name of various magistrates and functionaries at Rome, and in the coloniae and municipia. In inscriptions we also meet with the form duomvires (Orelli, Inscrip. No. 3808), and duovir (Orelli, No. 3886).

1. duumviri juri dicundo, the highest magistrates in the municipal towns. [CoLONiA, p. 3180

2. duumviri navales, extraordinary magis­trates, who were created, whenever occasion re­quired, for the purpose of equipping and repairing the fleet. They appear to have been originally appointed by the consuls and dictators, but were first elected by the people, b. c, 311. (Liv. ix. 30, xl. 18, 26, xli. 1.)

3. duumviri perduellionis. [perduel-

: LIO..]

4. duumviri quinquennales, the censors in the municipal towns, who must not be con­founded with the duumviri juri dicundo. [Co lonia, p. 318.]

5. duumviri sacri, extraordinary magistrates, like the duumviri Navales, appointed for the pur­pose of building or dedicating a temple. (Liv. vii. 28, xxii. 33, xxxv. 41.)

6. duumviri sacrorum, originally had the charge of the Sibylline books. Their duties were afterwards discharged by the decemviri sacris .faciundis. [decemviri, No. 3.]

7. duumviri Vns extra urbem purgan-dis, were oiEcers under the aediles, who had the charge of the streets of the suburbs of Rome, out­side the city gates. (Tabul. Heracl. i. 50, ed. Gottling.) Their office appears to have been abolished by Augustus, and their duties devolved upon the Quattuorviri. (Comp. Dion Cass. liv. 26 ; Pompon. De Orig. Jur. § 30 ; Becker, Romisch, Altertli. vol. ii. part ii. p. 366.)

DUX. [provincia.]

E.

ECCLESIA (^/cAT/crta), the general assembly of the citizens at Athens, in which they met to discuss and determine upon matters of public in­terest. These assemblies were either ordinary'^ and held four times in each prytany, or extra­ordinary, that is, specially convened, upon any sud­den emergency, and therefore called <rvyK\7iroi, On occasions of extreme importance, when it was desirable for as many persons as possible to be pre­sent at the discussion of any question, the people were summoned by express from the country to the city, and then the assembly was called a a, the proper-meaning of p p 4