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1ASUS.
2. Of Nysa, a Stoic philosopher, son of Mener crates, and, on the mother's side, grandson of Posi-donius, of whom also he was the disciple and successor. He therefore flourished after the middle of the first century b. c. (Clinton, Fasti, vol. iii. s. a. 51, b. c.) Suidas (s. v.) mentions his works Bfot evSdj-wv and ^tKoffo^tav Sta8o%a/, and adds that some ascribed to him a Bios 'EAAaSos, in four books, which, however, as well as the work Ilepl €Po5ow, should perhaps be assigned to Jason of Argos.
3. Of Argos, an historian, who was, according to Suidas, younger than Plutarch. He therefore lived under Hadrian. He wrote a work on Greece in four books, containing the early history (dpxaio-hoyia) of Greece, and the history from the Persian wars to the death of Alexander and the taking of Athens by Antipater, the father of Cassander. His book Hcpl-KvlSov (Schol. ad Theocrit. xvii. 69), and that Tlepl 'Podov (see above), seem to have been parts of this work, and so was probably the book Tlepl rwv 'AAe^ctJ/Spou iepdSv. (Ath. xiv. p. 620, d; Comp. Steph, Byz. s. vv. 'AAe|ai/5pe£ct, Trj\os ; Vos-sius, de Hist. Graec., p. 264, ed. Westermann ; Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. vi. p. 370.) Suidas also calls him a grammarian ; and a grammarian Jason is quoted in the Etymologicum Magnum (p. 184, 27).
4. Of Byzantium, only known by a single reference in Plutarch (de Fluv. 11), where the title of his work, instead of Tpayutd, should probably be ©paKi/ca. (Jonsius, Script. Hist. Philos. iii.
2,2.) ',•''" Cp- s-]
I ASONI A ('latrovia), a surname of Athena at Cyzicus. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 960 ; comp. Miiller, Orchom. p. 282, 2d edit.) [L. S.]
IASUS ("lao-os), the name of a considerable number of mythical personages, which is sometimes written lasius, arid is etymalogically the "same as lason and lasion, though the latter is more especially used for the same persons as lasius. Five persons of the name of lasus occur in the legends of Argos, viz.: —
1. A son of Phoroneus, and brother of Pelasgus and Agenor, or Arestor. (Eustath. ad Horn. £.385.)
2. A son of Argus and Evadne, a daughter of Strymon, or, according to a scholiast (ad Eurip. 'Phoen. 1151), a son of Peitho, the father of Agenor, and father of Argus Panoptes. (Apollod. ii. 1. § 2.)
3. A son of Argus Panoptes and Ismene, the 'daughter of Asopus, and the father of lo. (Apollod. ii. 1. § 3.)
• 4. A son of To. (Eustath. ad Horn. p. 1185.)
5. A son of Triopas, grandson of Phorbas, and brother of Agenor. This person is in reality the same as No. 3, with only a different pedigree assigned to him. (Paus. ii. 16. § 1; Horn. Od. xviii. 246; Eustath. ad Horn. p. 1465.)
6. An Arcadian, a son of Lycurgus and Cleo-phile or Eurynome, a brother of Ancaeus and Am-pliidamas, and the husband of CIymene,the daughter of Minyas, by whom he became the father of Ata-lante. (Apollod. iii. 9. § 2.) Hyginus (Fab. 70, 99) calls him lasius, and Aelian (V. H. xiii. 1) and Pausanias (v. 7. § 4, 14. § 5) lasion. At the first Olympian games which Heracles celebrated, lasus won the prize in the horse-race, and a statue 'of him stood at Tegea. (Paus. v. 8. § 1, viii. 4.)
• 7. A son of Eleuther, and father of Chaeresileus. (Paus. ix. 20. $ 2.)
JAVOLENUS.
8. The father of Amphion, and king of the Mi-nyans. (Horn. Od. xi. 282; Paus. ix. 36, in fin.)
9. A son of Sphelus, the commander of the Athenians in the Trojan war, was slain by Aeneias. (Horn. II. xv. 332, &c.)
10. The father of Dmetor, king of Cyprus. (Horn. Od. xvii. 443.) . [L. S.]
IATROCLES ('larpo/cAfc), a Greek writer on cookery, of uncertain age and country. Athenaeus quotes from two of his works, namely, Apro-TroiiKos and IIcpl nAa/coiWwj/, unless indeed these are merely different titles of one and the same work. (Athen. vii. p. 326, e., xiv. p. 646, a., p. 647, b.)
JAVOLENUS PRISCUS or PRISCUS JA-VOLE'NUS, an eminent Roman jurist. His name occurs in both forms ; Pomponius calls him first Priscus Javolenus, and afterwards Javolenus Pris-cus. (Dig. 1. tit. 2. s. 2. § ult.) Pliny adopts the latter form (Ep. vi. 15). Javolenus was a pupil of Caelius Sabinus, and a leader of the Sabinian school during a period when Celsus the father, Celsus the son, and Neratius Priscus, led the opposite school, as successors of Pegasus. He was the teacher of Aburnus Valens, Tuscianus, and Julianus. It appears from a fragment of Julianus (Dig. 40. tit. 2. s. 5), that Javolenus was a praetor and proconsul in Syria. According to a passage of Capitolinus (Ant. Pius, 12), he was one of the council of Antoninus Pius. Some of his biographers think that if he were alive in the reign of Antoninus, he must have been too old to hold such a post ; hence they question the authority of Capitolinus, and, moreover, the passage referred to is probably interpolated and corrupt. But there is no pressing improbability in the statement, if the reading be genuine ; for if, as appears to be likely, Javolenus was born about the commencement of the reign of Vespasian (a. d. 79), he might well be an imperial councillor between the age of sixty and seventy. Pliny relates from hearsay an anecdote of Javolenus, which has given rise to much discussion (Ep. vi. 15). Passienus Paulus, a noble eques and writer of verses, invited Javolenus to a recitation. Paulus began by saying " Prisce jubes," but we are not told whether these were the first words of his poem, or a polite form of asking leave to commence. Javolenus, however, replied, " Ego vero non jubeo." This mal-apropos expression occasioned much laughter among the party, but was chilling to the host. Whether it was uttered by Javolenus in a fit of mental absence, or by way of awkward joke, or as a blunt expression of impatience, under an infliction which more than once roused the indignation of Juvenal, does not appear. Pliny sets down Javolenus as a madman, but this imputation is probably to be construed in a loose sense. Even if the rude saying of Javolenus was occasioned, as some think, by actual temporary mental aberration, brought on by overwork, his madness was not of such a kind as to prevent him from attending to the ordinary duties of his profession (Plin. I. c.) Some writers, in order to save the credit of the jurist of the Digest, have absurdly imagined a second mad jurist of the same name. Others, as absurdly, have imagined that the insanity of Javolenus is to be detected in two passages of the Digest (Dig. 35. tit. 1. s. 55, Dig. 17. tit. 1. s. 52), from the badness of their reasoning. In the former passage, Javolenus compares the bequest of a legacy to an incapable person to a
