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APRONIUS.
de Medicaminibus Herbarum; it consists of one hundred and twenty-eight chapters, and is mostly taken from Dioscorides and Pliny. It was first published at Rome by Jo. Phil, de Lignamine, 4to., without date, but before 1484. It was reprinted three times in the sixteenth century, besides being included in two collections of medical
•writers, and in several editions of the works of Appuleius of Madaura. The last and best edition is that by Ackermann in his Parabilium Medica-tnentorum Scriptores Antiqui., Norimb. 1788, 8vo. A short work, " De Ponderibus et Mensuris," bearing the name of Appuleius, is to be found at the end of several editions of Mesue's works. (Haller, Biblioth. Botan.; Choulant, Handbucli der Bucherkunde fur die Altere Medicin.) [W.A.G.J
APPULEIUS, L. CAECI'LICUS MINU-TIA'NUS, the author of a work de Orthographia, of which considerable fragments were first published by A. Mai in "Juris Civilis Ante-Justinianei Reliquiae, &c.," Rome, 1823. They were republished by Osann, Darmstadt, 1826, with two other grammatical works, de Nota Aspirationis and de Diph-thonyis, which also bear the name of Appuleius. Madvig has shewn (de Apuleii Fragm. de Ortliogr,, Hafniae, 1829), that the treatise de Orthograpliia is the work of a literary impostor of the fifteenth century. The two other grammatical treatises above mentioned were probably written in the tenth century of our aera.
APRIES ('ATrpiV, 'Airpias), a king of Egypt, ;he 8th of the 26th (Sai'te) dynasty, the Pharaoh-Hophra of Scripture (Ixx. Ouac/yV/), the Vaphres >f Manetho, succeeded his father Psammuthis, b. c. >96. The commencement of his reign was distinguished by great success in war. He conquered Dalestine and Phoenicia, and for a short time re-
•stablished the Egyptian influence in Syria, which
lad been overthrown by Nebuchadnezzar. He
niled, however, to protect his ally Zedekiah, king
f Jerusalem, from the renewed attack of Nebu-
hadnezzar, who took and destroyed Jerusalem.
b, c. 586.) About the same time, in consequence
f the failure of an expedition which Apries had
snt against Gyrene, his army rebelled and elected
s king Arnasis, whom Apries had sent to reconcile
lem. The cruelty of Apries to Patarbemis, whom
e had sent to bring back Amasis, and who had
died in the attempt, exasperated the principal
Igyptians to such a degree, that they deserted
im, leaving him only to the protection of an
ixiliary force of 30,000 Greeks. With these
id the few Egyptians who remained faithful
i him, Apries encountered Amasis at Momem-
lis, but his army was overpowered by numbers,
id he himself was taken alive. Amasis
eated him for some time with kindness, but
length, in consequence of the continued mur-
urs of the Egyptians, he suffered him to be
it to death. (Herod. 161, &c., 169, iv. 159;
iod. i. 68; Athen. xiii. p. 560; Jerem. xxxvii. 5,7,
iv. 30, xlvi. 26 ; Ezek. xxix. 3 ; Joseph. Ant. x.
• § 7 ; amasis.) [P. S.]
APRONIUS. 1. C. apronius, elected one of
e tribunes of the plebs on the abolition of the
cemvirate, b. c. 449. (Liv. iii. 54.)
2. Q. apronius, the chief of the decumani in
:ily during the government of Verres (b. c. 73—
), was one of the most distinguished for rapacity
d wickedness of every kind. (Cic. Verr. ii, 44,
9, 12,21,23.)
APSINES.
3. L. apronius, consul suffectus in a. d. 8 (Fast. Capit.}, belonged to the military staff of Drusus (cohors Drusi}, when the latter was sent to quell the revolt of the army in Germany, a. d. 14. Apronius was sent to Rome with two others to carry the demands of the mutineers ; and on his return to Germany he served under Germanicus, and is mentioned as one of the Roman generals in the campaign of A. d. 15. On account of his services in this war he obtained the honour of the triumphal ornaments. (Tac. Ann. i. 29, 56, 72.) He was in Rome in the following year, A. D. 16 (ii. 32); and four years afterwards (a. d. 20), he succeeded Camillus, as proconsul, in the government of Africa. He carried on the war against Tacfari-nas, and enforced military discipline with great severity, (iii. 21.) He was subsequently the propraetor of lower Germany, when the Frisii revolted, and seems to have lost his life in the war against them. (iv. 73, compared with xi. 19.) Apronius had two daughters: one of whom was married to Plautius Silvanus, and was murdered by her husband (iv. 22) ; the other was married to Lentulus Gaetulicus, consul in a. d. 26. (vi. 30.) He had a son, L. Apronius Caesianus, who accompanied his father to Africa in a. d. 20 (iii. 21), and who was consul for six months with Caligula in a. d. 39. (Dion Cass. lix. 13.)
APRONIANUS. 1. C. vipstanus apro-nianus, was proconsul of Africa at the accession of Vespasian, a, d, 70. (Tac, Hist. i. 76.) He is probably the same Apronianus as the consul of that name in a. d. 59.
2. cassius apronianus, the father of Dion Cassius, the historian, was governor of Dalmatia and Cilicia at different periods. Dion Cassius was with his father in Cilicia. (Dion Cass. xlix. 36, Ixix. 1, Ixxii. 7.) Reimar (de Vita Cassii Dionis § 6. p. 1535) supposes, that Apronianus was admitted into the senate about a. d. 180.
3. apronianus, governor of the province of Asia, was unjustly condemned to death in his absence, a. d. 203. (Dion Cass. Ixxvi. 8.)
4. apronianus asterius. [asterius.] A'PSINES cai^s). 1. An Athenian sophist, called by Suidas (s. v.; comp. Eudoc. p. 67) a man worthy of note, and father of Onasimus, but otherwise unknown.
2. A son of Onasimus, and grandson of Apsines No. 1, is likewise called an Athenian sophist. It is not impossible that he may be the Apsines whose commentary on Demosthenes is mentioned by Ulpian (adDemosth. Leptin. p. 11; comp. Schol. ad Hermog. p. 402), and who taught rhetoric at Athens at the time of Aedesius, in the fourth century of our era, though this Apsines is called a Lacedaemonian. (Eunap. Vit. Soph. p. 113, ed. Antwerp. 1568.) This Apsines and his disciples were hostile to Julianus, a contemporary rhetorician at Athens, and to his school. This enmity grew so much that Athens in the end found itself in a state of civil warfare, which required the presence of a Roman proconsul to suppress. (Eunap. p. 115, &c.)
3. Of Gadara in Phoenicia, a Greek sophist and rhetorician, who flourished in the reign of Maxi-minus, about a. d. 235. He studied at Smyrna under Heracleides, the Lycian, and afterwards at Nicomedia under Basilicus. He subsequently taught rhetoric at Athens, and distinguished himself so much that he was honoured with the con-
